Environmental and social issues of Unilever

Ecological and social issues of Unilever Unilever started with British cleanser producer organization named Lever Brothers. Their progressive activity in business was by presenting the Sunlight Soap in 1890s. That thought was from William Hesketh Lever, originator of Lever Brothers. This thought helped the Lever Brothers become the primary organization that help advocate tidiness in Victorian England. Also, the item quickly imitated internationally after that it was an achievement in UK and made Lever Brothers got more business around the world. One reason of this achievement was the system from William that organize on selling the items as well as spotlight on assembling them. On the opposite side, in 1872 Jurgens and Van nook Bergh made an organization that produces margarine. Since there were numerous rivals in the margarine business in Dutch, in 1920s, Jurgen and Van de Berth chose to fortify their organization by joining another margarine producer in Bohemia. In 1927, there were three organizations including Jurgen and Van de Berth organization which framed Margarine Unie situated in Holland. In 1930, the Lever Bros converged with the Margarine Unie and despite the fact that, a universal consolidation was an uncommon move around then, both of the two organizations have a similar vision that by doing this converge with solid worldwide systems would make new chances. At last, the name of Unilever was made by the converge of the organizations. Not very long after Unilever was shaped, they got a major issue which was that their crude material organizations were diminished from 30% to 40% in the main year. As that issue began to assault, Unilever needed to respond rapidly by working up a productive arrangement of control. In September of 1930, Unilever set up the Special Committee that was intended to balance out British and Dutch work and worry as an inside bureau for the association. Since William Levers demise in 1925, it was Frances DArcy Cooper who supplanted him to turn into the administrators of Lever Brothers. Cooper made a few advantages for Unilever, one of his progressive activity was that he drove the different organizations that included Unilever into one Anglo-Dutch organizations. As per The Netherlands official UK site, Anglo-Dutch Companies is the British and the Dutch truly united to frame the absolute most grounded organizations on the planet, and up to this point their position is as yet solid. In 1937, when the relationship between's the benefit gaining capacities of the British and Dutch organizations ended up upset, it was Cooper that came to take care of the issue by persuading the leading group of the need for rebuilding. During the 1930s, Unilever kept on developing their business when they advanced their items in America Latin. To keep it developing, Unilever adjusted another methodology in 1940s by extending their business regions and make new zones, for example, specific food and synthetic produces. Besides, Unilever perceived that there were something more significant than enlarging their territories, it was the connection among showcasing and exploration that they should concentrate on. Along these lines, Unilever extended their activity by making relationship by two significant activations in US, those are Thomas J. Lipton organization, assembling of tea, and the Pepsodent brand of toothpaste in 1944. In 1957 Unilever proceeded with their activities by partner with U.K. solidified food creator winged animals eye, and in 1961 with U.S. Dessert oddity creator Good Humor. During the 1980s Unilever made a progressive rebuilding by offering the vast majority of its auxiliary business to think the companys center business. In the long run, nourishments, toiletries, cleansers and uncommon synthetic compounds were the Unilevers center business. This rebuilding additionally caused Unilever to make a coordinated effort with Chesebrought-Ponds in U.S. in 1986. That joint effort had a major effect to Unilever, their overall revenue expanded. Moreover, Unilever purchased Chesebrought-Pond in 1987. These days, Unilever become the universes most expended item brand in home consideration, individual consideration and food. In 2002, Unilever had an overall income around à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã¢ ¬48,760 million. Unilever has two primary child rearing organizations, they are Unilever NV in Rotterdam and Netherland and Unilever PLC in London, UK. In any case, Unilever still has two significant contenders named Nestlã © and Procter Gamble. Unilever has a few overall items in nourishments, for example, Lipton, Knorr, Blue Band, Ben and Jerry, Walls, and Brooke bond. In home consideration, they have Surf, Sun, Radiant, Domestos and Skip. In close to home consideration, they have Ponds, Vaseline, Rexona, Lux, Dove, Lifebuoy, Pepsodent, Sunsilk and Ax/Lynx. Social and Environmental issues Other than Unilevers achievement, there are additionally some social and ecological issues that influences Unilever. There are a few harms made by Unilever during their procedures in assembling, providing, and working. Palm oil gives that influenced by Unilever Unilever is the organization with the universes biggest purchaser of palm oil. They turn the palm oil material to their items like cleansers, beautifying agents, bio-fuel and cleansers. Their activities by chopping down the palm oil of the most zone in Kalimantan was gradually crushing territory of Orang-utan, an imperiled species which lived wherever in the rainforest of Kalimantan. This activity brought about the elimination of the Orang-utan species in Kalimantan. A normal of 2,000,000 sections of land of the rainforests in Kalimantan have been chopped down yearly. This activity is additionally harming Indonesias rainforest, in the end prompting an extreme environmental change. Unilever made their items to help individuals in doing their day by day life, however in reality they are additionally pulverizing other jeopardized lives. In 2008, Unilever was censured by Greenpeace UK as a result of these activities. In November 2009, Unilever declared to dropped and quit purchasing palm oil from Indonesian organization, PT Smart for natural explanation. In April 2010, Unilever had made sure about GreenPalm declarations. GreenPalm embraced By RSPO (Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil), Organization shaped by a few partners in the palm oil industry, to secure the natural effect of palm oil and underwrite manageable farming. These testaments have capacity to cover the provisions of its European, Australian and New Zealand organizations. Unilevers Mercury Waste In 1983, Chesebrough Ponds Ltd, one of U.S. organization purchased a territory close Kodaikanal. They moved their thermometer-production processing plant that had been in Watertown, suburb of New York to this zone. In 1987, Unilever purchased Ponds and the thermometer-production processing plant in Kodaikanal and turned into the greatest office on the planet. At that point, Hindustan Lever Limited (HLL), the auxiliary of Unilever which works and situated in India, assumed responsibility for the industrial facility. Mid 2001, there were 7,4 tons of mercury-debased squanders around Kodaikanal in Tamil Nadu found. Kodaikanal has delightful lakes, perpetually cool climate and rich woodlands which is the reason it turned into the most mainstream vacationer goal in South India. In the wake of researching the wellspring of those mercury it was seen as from Hindustan Lever Limited processing plant. Mercury is a poisonous metal that can hurt people liver and cerebrum. When mercury come into the earth, it will be changed during regular strategy into a structure that works its route rapidly through the natural pecking order where it can think about to perilously significant levels. Mercury is the fundamental material to make thermometers. In March 2001, 400 individuals from Factory laborers associations and neighborhood networks dissented and grumbled about the dangerous waste removal strategies from Hindustan Lever Limited processing plant. They gave a final offer of either shutting the manufacturing plant or expel it from Kodaikanal zones. They additionally said since the mercury removal occur around there, it was decimating the Shola environment of Western Ghats. After that occurrence, Unilever chose to delay their thermometer creation in Hindustan Lever Limited production line close Kodaikanal until they discover an answer for the issue. Anyway on June 21 2001, the Government of India requested HLL to close the industrial facility and boat the remainder of the mercury waste to the U.S. Unilever Use Child Labor in India In India, Hindustan Lever Limited (HLL) has utilized for anticipated number of 25,000 kids, generally young ladies in cotton seed creation. They worked ordinarily somewhere in the range of ten and thirteen hours out of each day and they just got 40 Eurocents every day. At some point, they are presented to poisonous pesticides during their work. Company incline toward utilized youngster than the grown-up because to set aside cash in pursuing the work. Typically, a youngster just gets 55% not exactly a man and 30 % not exactly a lady. One of their work was Narasamma, 12 years of age. She was a transient who worked in cotton seed field throughout the previous three years. She worked over 12 hours of the day with just two breaks. During work, she was routinely showered by pesticides and got sick after. Nonetheless, she just earned Rs. 800 per month. In mid 2003, numerous nations in Europe, for example, Germany, Netherlands and Ireland began do the crusade to stop Child work. This crusade began from Germany, at that point to Netherlands and the battle completed in Ireland. The principle message from those battles was that school is the best spot for youngsters, so stop kid work. In may 2003, Unilever reported that they would tackle the youngster work issue in India. Unilever revealed to Hindustan Lever Limited to begin dismissing the utilization of youngster work. End Unilever is one of most powerful organizations on the planet by giving items that help individuals in their every day life and furthermore supporting worldwide financial development. They improve their procedure to make items time by time until they meet client necessities. That is the reason the greater part of their item trustable and advantageous to be utilized. Some review demonstrated that each house on the planet at any rate has one of Unilever item. This is demonstrated that Unilever is compelling in human public activity. Maybe offering an incentive to the brand is the be

The Nature of Nurture.

The Nature of Nurture. Our worldwide town is bit by bit expanding its ability in an oblivious manner. Individuals living in this cutting edge world no longer have the benefit to have any goal or abstract thing bigger than that which fits inside one's own private space. Be that as it may, a few people, particularly those with overpowering force and famous acclaim, despite everything have faith in the hypothesis of natural selection through the free enterprise framework; they spread their impact to the individuals who have constrained quality and weak personalities as effectively as they may overwhelm dust. It is crazy to such an extent that individuals have wanted to assume responsibility for the natural world, however they are harassing and mortifying everyone around them for different purposes. On the off chance that each individual could help other people, particularly for the special to help poor people, they would make more chances and commonly advantage the existence they all desire.It is no uncertain ty that the United States is the most grounded and most powerful nation on earth, it is additionally one of the most receptive individuals that helps the immature nations to have well and sound living, and advances the need of the upkeep of the first worldwide appearance.The United States, which turns into the present status through initially exploiting worldwide assets out of Mother Nature, with adequate money related financial plans and notable personality, accepts that it is fundamental for able nations to help the oppressed countries since they should know the explanation of give-and - take. They determine practically normal assets since they have greater capacity and capacity to get to; in the interim, they need to think about that the weak countries have less opportunity to do as such. It is sensible for them to impart strong and considerable flexibly to the poor.Another preposterous issue, the disintegration of Mother Nature by advantaged individuals, certainly should be insp ected intently. Despite the fact that individuals...

Fall Transfer Updates Part VI - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Fall Transfer Updates Part VI - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Fall Transfer Updates Part VI This will probably be the last update on Fall transfer decisions, but that is not necessarily a bad thing. As of late this afternoon, we had approximately 30 files left to evaluate for Fall transfer decisions (this is excluding students who have had an issue with a transcript, have an situation where we have made an deadline exception, etc.). In other words, we are at the tail end of the process!!! We will still have a lot of work to do this summer as we work on enrolling students and their updated transcripts, final high school transcripts, etc, but we are all glad that we are almost finished. Please make sure that if you have been admitted as a transfer student, you need to get in any updated spring work on an official transcript so we can post this work in your file and have this information in before your orientation and scheduling of classes. The 30 or so remaining files are generally the more difficult ones, either because of the number of classes transferring in from schools we do not have a history with, a wide range of schools/transcripts, or applicants who really pushed the deadline. But hopefully everyone has made it through this challenging transfer cycle, and I wish you well in your college future. Go Dawgs!!

The Life and Legend of David Davy Crockett

David Davy Crockett, known as the King of the Wild Frontier, was an American frontiersman and politician. He was famous as a hunter and outdoorsman. Later, he served in the U.S. Congress before heading west to Texas to fight as a defender at the 1836 Battle of the Alamo, where it is believed he was slain with his comrades by the Mexican army. Crockett remains a well-known figure, particularly in Texas. Crockett was a larger-than-life, American folk hero figure even in his own lifetime, and it can be hard to separate facts from legends when discussing his life. Crockett’s Early Life Crockett was born on August 17, 1786, in Tennessee, then a frontier territory. He ran away from home at the age of 13 and made a living doing odd jobs for settlers and wagon drivers. He returned home at the age of 15. He was an honest and hardworking young man. Of his own free will, he decided to work for six months to pay off one of his father’s debts. In his twenties, he enlisted in the Army in time to fight in Alabama in the Creek War. He distinguished himself as a scout and hunter, providing food for his regiment. Crockett Enters Politics After his service in the War of 1812, Crockett had a variety of low-level political jobs such as Assemblyman in the Tennessee legislature and town commissioner. He soon developed a knack for public service. Although he was poorly educated, he possessed a razor-sharp wit and a gift for public speaking. His rough, homespun manner endeared him to many. His bond with the common people of the West was genuine and they respected him. In 1827, he won a seat in Congress representing Tennessee and running as a supporter of the immensely popular Andrew Jackson. Crockett and Jackson Fall Out Crockett was at first a die-hard supporter of fellow westerner Andrew Jackson, but political intrigues with other Jackson supporters, among them James Polk, eventually derailed their friendship and association. Crockett lost his seat in Congress in 1831 when Jackson endorsed his opponent. In 1833, he won his seat back, this time running as an anti-Jacksonian. Crocketts fame continued to grow. His folksy speeches were very popular and he released an autobiography about young love, bear hunting, and honest politics. A play called The Lion of the West, with a character clearly based on Crockett was popular at the time and was a big hit. Exit from Congress Crockett had the charm and charisma to make a potential presidential candidate, and the Whig party, which was Jackson’s opposition, had their eye on him. In 1835, however, he lost his seat in Congress to Adam Huntsman, who ran as a supporter of Jackson. Crockett knew he was down but not out, but he still wanted to get out of Washington for a while. In late 1835, Crockett made his way to Texas. The Road to San Antonio The Texas Revolution had just broken out with the first shots fired at the Battle of Gonzales, and Crockett discovered that the people had a great passion and sympathy for Texas. Flocks of men and families were making their way to Texas to fight with the possibility of getting land if the revolution was successful. Many believed Crockett was going there to fight for Texas. He was too good a politician to deny it. If he fought in Texas, his political career would benefit. He heard that the action was centered around San Antonio, so he headed there. Crockett at the Alamo Crockett arrived in Texas in early 1836 with a group of volunteers mostly from Tennessee who had made him their de facto leader. The Tennesseans with their long rifles were most welcome reinforcements at the poorly-defended fort. Morale at the Alamo surged, as the men were delighted to have such a famous man among them. Ever the skilled politician, Crockett even helped defuse tension between Jim Bowie, leader of the volunteers, and William Travis, commander of the enlisted men and ranking officer at the Alamo. Did Crockett Die at the Alamo? Crockett was at the Alamo on the morning of March 6, 1836, when the Mexican president and General Santa Anna ordered the Mexican army to attack. The Mexicans had overwhelming numbers and in 90 minutes they had overrun the Alamo, killing all inside. There is some controversy over Crocketts death. It is certain that a handful of rebels were taken alive and later executed by order of Santa Anna. Some historical sources suggest Crockett was one of them. Other sources say he fell in battle. Whatever the case, Crockett and about 200 men inside the Alamo fought bravely until the end. The Legacy of Davy Crockett: Davy Crockett was an important politician and an extremely skilled hunter and outdoorsman, but his lasting glory came with his death at the Battle of the Alamo. His martyrdom for the cause of Texas independence gave the rebel movement momentum when it needed it the most. The story of his heroic death, fighting for freedom against insurmountable odds, made its way east and inspired Texans as well as men from the United States to come and continue the fight. The fact that such a famous man gave his life for Texas was great publicity for the Texans cause. Crockett is a great Texan hero. The town of Crockett, Texas, is named after him, as is Crockett County in Tennessee and Fort Crockett on Galveston Island. There are many schools, parks, and landmarks named for him as well. The character of Crockett has appeared in countless films and TV shows. He was famously played by John Wayne in the 1960 movie, The Alamo and again in the 2004 retread of The Alamo portrayed by Billy Bob Thornton. Source: Brands, H.W. Lone Star Nation: New York: Anchor Books, 2004.the Epic Story of the Battle for Texas Independence.

Emotional Intelligence And Outline The Principles Of Self...

Draft 2/07/2016 develop and use ei Assessment 1 Question 1. Explain emotional intelligence and outline the principles of self-regulation and self-awareness. Emotional intelligence is the ability an individual has to one identify their own emotions as well as others, two understand and manage these emotions successfully in self and others, with being able to effectively manage yourself as well as your relationships. Self-awareness can be considered essentially the bread and butter of all other competencies, it means having the ability to recognise and understand your own emotions while being â€Å"aware’ ’of how these can affect work and life. It is highly accepted that people whom are self-aware of their emotions are better able to guide their open lives , as opposed to those who do not this is just another clear example of the importance of understanding and initiating emotional intelligence through work or daily life. As leaders whom practice self-awareness, are able to not only have confidence in their ability, to lead when facing difficult decisions or moments of dire stress in the workplace. Accepting and knowing these feelings can ultimately provide the user with useful information about difficult decisions when answers are not available through external sources. Leaders must rely on their own feelings to achieve results, being self-aware also provides the user with the tools to assess their own strengths and limitations accurately, as they are completely honest withShow MoreRelatedSelf Awareness And Self Knowledge758 Words   |  4 PagesSelf-awareness and self-knowledge in relationships What self-knowledge?   It can not be bought at the price of effort or practice. 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Sierra Nevada’s Free Essays

The Sierra Nevada mountain range stretches across the eastern side of the state of California. The range begins in the south at the Tehachapi Pass near Bakersfield and stretches north to Lake Almanor. The Sierra Nevada range is 400 miles long, north-to-south and has an average width of 70 miles wide. We will write a custom essay sample on Sierra Nevada’s or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was formed through subduction when the Pacific plate slid under the North American plate. The range is made up of deeply imbedded rock otherwise known as batholiths. The eastern slope of the mountains rose steeply which cause those slopes to be steep while the western sides are only gradually steep but not like the east 1. Thus the range provided as an early barrier to entrance into California and travelers had to go through the various passes to proceed, such as the famous Donner Pass. Although the Sierra Nevada mountain range, which in Spanish means the snowy range, is grandeur as a whole certain mountains and peaks throughout the range are more important. The biggest mountain of the whole would be Mount Whitney which happens to be the tallest mountain in all of the continental United States. Mount Whitney stands at a modest 14,505 feet. It is located right outside of the town of Lone Pine and is an obvious attraction because of its record holding. Therefore, many people are eager to reach the highest point in the US so a trail was built on the western slope to allow hikers to conquer the mountain. The main trail is the Mount Whitney trail and it is 21. 3 miles long and can be completed in a day 2. Other trails are also available but take longer and usually require overnight stays but do provide more views of the mountain. Mount Whitney is not the only mountain available to hike in the Sierra Nevada’s but is one of the most popular because of its sheer height. Another significant mountain in the range lies right up the US395 and is called Mammoth Mountain. Mammoth is actually an active volcano and was formed through a series of volcanic eruptions throughout the years. However, there are not any major eruptions anymore just minor ones. The mountain peaks at 11,059 feet but it contains a great ski resort that is actually the highest ski resort in California. Mammoth receives 400 plus inches of snow every year and is considered to be one of the best if not the best resort in California 3. Also, located near Mammoth Mountain is the National Monument called the Devil’s Postpile. It is a natural awe which is columnar basalt that is created by a lava flow that when slowly cooled and dried creates what looks like symmetrical posts. Before the site became a monument in 1911, declared by President Taft, it was almost blown up for the creation of a dam 4. Thankfully, the project was not completed or many sight seers would have not had the opportunity to see this amazing work of nature. Another spectacular sight in the Sierra Nevada range is the half dome at Yosemite National Park. The rock which is in the shape of a half dome rests above the Yosemite Valley and is a well known sight often used as a logo such as for the Sierra Club. Half Dome was formed by exfoliation where the rock cracks into sheets and then the missing face was carried away by the apparent glaciers that once filled the valley during the Pleistocene Ice Ages 5. However, geologists believe that there was never a full rock and that the current state of the rock is fairly close to what it looked like before the ice age. Nevertheless, Half Dome has dramatic views that hikers enjoy when climbing to the top. The park rangers are on site at the bottom of the rock from May to October when there are poles and wires attached to the rock to assist hikers in the 400 foot climb to the top of the rock. Basically, the Sierra’s offer numerous attractions as well as awesome views that can accommodate anyone who enjoys being outdoors and appreciates the wonders of nature. Works Cited â€Å"Devils Postpile National Monument (U. S. National Park Service). † U. S. National Park Service – Experience Your America. http://www. nps. gov/depo/index. htm (accessed February 20, 2011). â€Å"Mammoth Mountain – Skiing and Riding. † Mammoth Mountain Ski Area – Skiing, Snowboarding, Rentals, Lodging and More. http://www. mammothmountain. om/MountainActivities/WinterActivities/SkiingRiding/ (accessed February 20, 2011). â€Å"Mount Whitney: Climbing Mt Whitney. † Mount Whitney: Climbing Mt Whitney. http://www. mount-whitney. com/climbing_mt_whitney. php (accessed February 20, 2011). Resendes, Mary. â€Å"Geology of the Sierra Nevadas. † Central Sierra Historical Society. http://www. sierrahistorical. org/archives/geology. html (accessed February 20, 2011). â€Å"Yosemite National Park, California. † Learning Online @ MJC Home Page. http://virtual. yosemite. cc. ca. us/ghayes/yosemphot. htm (accessed February 20, 2011). How to cite Sierra Nevada’s, Papers

Eldest Book Review Essay Example For Students

Eldest Book Review Essay Eldest, the second book in the Inheritance trilogy was written by Chris Paolini. The book takes place in the fictional world of Alagaesia in a time period called After the Fall. Eldest follows the adventures of Eragon and Saphira, Eargons dragon as they trian to fight the evil king Galbatorix. Eldest is a indepthe book with many overlaping plots. Chris Paolini was born in Southern California, though he was raised and still lives in the Paradise Valley, Montana area. His parents are Kenneth Paolini and Talita Hodgkinson. Paolini is of Italian descent. He has one sister, Angela. Home schooled for his entire life, he graduated high school at the age of 15 through an accredited correspondence course at American School, Chicago, Illinois. Following graduation, he started work on what would become the novel Eragon and its sequel Eldest, all set in Alagaà Ã‚ »sia. Eldest is the squel to Eragon and continues where Eragon left off. Eldest starts out after the battle at the Varden stronghold where Eragon defeated the shade Durza. The Vardens leader, Ajihad, was killed in the battle and it is time for the varden to elect a new leader. Nasuada, Ajihads daughter is chosen to lead the Varden. Eragon and Saphira pledge fealty to Nasuada and the Varden. They then leave with the elf Arya to begin their training with the elves. On the journy to the elven capital Eragon learns much about the elves and dwarfs the reside in Alagaesia. Eragon and Sahira must hurry their traing for the king Galbatroix may attack the varden at any time. This book is awesome. That is the only word to describe how entralling the world Paolini creates is. I couldnt put the book down and the length, eventhough it was over 600 pages long, seemed all too short. I love fantasy books and Eldest is by far one of my favorites. In Eragon you could really sense a heavy barrowing from other authors but in Eldest it seems Paolini really finds his own style. The way he describes the beauty and sometimes uglyness of the world of Alagaesia makes you seem like your actually there. The battles in this book are epic in scale and brutel content. The langage is creative and extensive and I find very few faults with this book. Just because I praise the book so highly does not mean I do not find some fault with it. The main thing I did not like about Eldest is its constent back and forth plots. In this book there are three story going on all at once and it sometimes gets confusing. I will agree that these side tales are needed in order to progess the main plot but I just did not like how it was done. Until the end of the book where everything falls into place. In my opinon if you havent already pick up Eragon and Eldest. These two books are fabulous and I reconmend them to anybody. If you do go to read these books do not let the length of them discourage you, you will find that they are all too short. Eldest is one of the best books I have ever read I enjoyed it emensly and can not wait till the third and final book comes out to answer some long awaited questions.

67 Causal Essay Topics to Consider

67 Causal Essay Topics to Consider A causal essay is much like a cause and effect essay but there may be a subtle difference in the minds of some instructors who use the term causal essay for more complex topics, and the term cause and effect essay for  smaller or more straightforward topics. However, both terms describe essentially the same type of essay and the goal in both types of essays is the same – to come up with a list of events or factors (causes) that bring about a certain outcome (effect). How or why did something happen? It is important to make a clear connection between each cause and the ultimate effect. The most common problem students face in writing the causal essay is running out of causes to talk about.  It is helpful to sketch out an outline before you begin writing the first draft of your outline. Your essay should include a strong introduction, good transition statements, and a well-crafted conclusion. Topics to Consider You can use a topic from this list, or use the list as inspiration for your own idea. What conditions and events led to the Great Depression?What prompts a change in fashion trends?Why do some people fear darkness?How did some dinosaurs leave footprints?What causes criminal behavior?What causes people to rebel against authority?What conditions lead to a powerful hurricane?What developments led to regional accents in the United States?Why do good students become truant?What causes war?What factors can lead to birth defects?How are insurance rates determined?What factors can lead to obesity?What can cause evolution to occur?Why does unemployment rise?Why do some people develop multiple personalities?How does the structure of the earth change?What factors can cause bulimia nervosa?What makes a marriage fail?What developments and conditions led to the Declaration of Independence?What led to the decline of the automobile industry?What factors led to the decline of the Roman Empire?How did the Grand Canyon form?Why did slavery replace indentured servitude in the American co lonies? How has popular music been affected by technology?How has racial tolerance changed over time?What led to the Dot Com bubble burst?What causes the stock market to fall?How does scarring occur?How does soap work?What causes a surge in nationalism?Why do some bridges collapse?Why was Abraham Lincoln assassinated?How did we get the various versions of the Bible?What factors led to unionization?How does a tsunami form?What events and factors led to womens suffrage?Why did electric cars fail initially?How do animals become extinct?Why are some tornadoes more destructive than others?What factors led to the end of feudalism?What led to the Martian Panic in the 1930s?How did medicine change in the nineteenth century?How does gene therapy work?What factors can lead to famine?What factors led to the rise of democratic governments in the 18th century?How did baseball become a national pastime in the United States?What was the impact of Jim Crow laws on black citizens in the United States?What fa ctors led to the growth of imperialism? Why did the Salem Witch Trials take place?How did Adolf Hitler come to power?What can cause damage to your credit?How did the conservationism start?How did World War I start?How do germs spread and cause illness?How do we lose weight?How does road salt prevent accidents?What makes some tires grip better than others?What makes a computer run slowly?How does a car work?How has the news industry changed over time?What created Beatlemania?How did organized crime develop?What caused the obesity epidemic?How did grammar rules develop in the English language?Where do political parties come from?How did the Civil Rights movement begin?

buy custom Career Background in Business essay

buy custom Career Background in Business essay I consider having a strong career background in business as the major reason behind my wish to enroll for a business course at the Lakeland College. I am interested in the field of business because I have a strong passion for business related studies, which I drew from various observations that I have made around the world. The essence f my desire emanate from my first encounter with real economics after reading a book titled misunderstanding by Larry Lang who is a renowned economist. I believe that studying this course will enable me come face to face with various economic issues that the society encounters on a day-to-day basis. This will in turn offer me an opportunity to collaborate with other people in search of solutions. I am also enthusiastic about economics, especially when it comes to international market dynamics. My keen interest is usually focused on understanding how international business is conducted among different countries or regions around the world. This is becau se I believe that business drives the world in many ways. Research is a vital academic undertaking that I believe has the potential to change the society in many ways. I believe that such undertakings are particularly crucial in business relaed endeavors. Therefore, I am confident that Lakeland College has a suitable environment to enable me do research in various areas in the field of business. This is because the institution is reputed for its quality in terms of education it offers. Besides, I have a lot of interest when it comes to researching and analyzing different economy related issues. Having done Global Pathway as a course at Northeastern University, I developed vital research skills. I was successfully able to write a capstone research project on principals of macroeconomics and pre-calculus, hence gaining a lot of knowledge about how to write a successful academic research paper. This is because I gained enough basic skills that are required when researching and writing reports about a particular project. In this line, I also participated in various programs where I contributed in different ways. During the weekends, I used to volunteer at a local child center and some time at a food bank. This gave me a real feeling of how business can be integrated with life, especially in terms of improving the standards of living by having better economic environments. In addition, I learnt how to interact with people hence improving my observation skills that enable me relate things easily and accurately. Countries that are big businesswise mainly influence the global economy. Therefore, I believe that having a Chinese background will offer me an opportunity to study the Chinese business dynamics since the country does a lot of trade with most if not all countries around the world. Therefore, I will be able to relate culture and traditions with business and establish different phenomena associated with them. Being an adept in English speaking and writing gives me an advantage of pursuing this course. This is because the course is offered in English language, hence posing no risk of ineffective learning because of a language barrier. Moreover, my first encounter with the Chinese economy was courtesy the Larry Lang book that talks about problem contradictions. This will enable me learn international business better. During free time, I like listening to music and playing tennis as well as painting. In addition, I can pay a violin, thus showing my interest in music too. In other words, I m interested in artwork. I believe that the Lakeland College is the best place for me to pursue my career dreams and at the same time enjoy education alongside my hobbies. I am looking forward to your consideration. Buy custom Career Background in Business essay

Innovation and Entrepreneurship - Case Synopses - KAPAI NEW ZEALAND Essay

Innovation and Entrepreneurship - Case Synopses - KAPAI NEW ZEALAND - Essay Example And the products should not be similar to those that are available in the other restaurants. The interior of the restaurants also was clearly describing that how much the founders are in touch with an eco-friendly environment. In case of the interiors also, James and Justin had a different opinion. And their prices were such that even a single item will not cost more than that of the present minimum wages. The menu choices were like DIY (Do It Yourself). That means the restaurant will provide the different items to the customer and they themselves have to mix the items and fill it to eat. Through this the customers can understand the items used in the salad and can also have a choice in the ingredients. A wide variety of foods are available such as soup, honey, hot cakes, juice etc. The staffs got a shift of 2 to 4 hours per day. So the university students were also working as staff on part time basis. The growth of Kapai is resulted from the local support; this is because they depen ded mostly on the local suppliers. The extraordinary performance leads them to a high profit and thus, James started drawing a salary as an office staff. Since, the demand for the fast food was very high and a number of competitors such as Mc Donald’s, Domino’s, and Pizza Hut already existed, Kapai had to boost up their business. The more usage of fast food led to an over-weighted society and people started behaving very health conscious. All the restaurants tried to balance the fast food and salad items. But the health parts were ignored. The main competitor is a salad store called Reload. The urge to open the franchise increased in their minds. But the competition was very stiff. So the decision was taken to reduce the overhead costs and other expenses. And they planned to start the franchise at their preferred location. Kapai always had the first mover advantage and they wanted the people to accept it as their own. ENTREPRENEURSHIP CHALLENGES Every entrepreneur had to face some sort of challenge during their business life. This is because risk is inherent in each business. From the very stage, where the idea was generated for the venture to be closed down the challenge had to be faced. The possible challenge is â€Å"Finance, management† (Richter Meyer, 2003) for the firm i.e., naming of the firm, staff selection etc. In this case, the challenge is more like when they were running the business rather than in the start-up stage. A number of players were existing in the fast food industry in New Zealand and all of them were having a number of outlets and they were very successful entrepreneurs such as KFC, Mc Donald’s, Domino’s Pizza, Pizza Hut etc. Even though there were a lot of competitors who existed, Kapai could succeed only because they have studied the eating habit of the people and accordingly started their business and earned relatively a good profit. The next thing is that about the location for the next two stores . Their prices for each food were lower than the minimum wage rate of the country and thus the revenue-expense part was a challenge. This is because they had to pay the rent for the building, employee’s salary, purchasing of vegetables etc. Moreover, they were mostly depended on the local suppliers and tried to serve bio-degradable packaged salads and the availability

Family in Europe History Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Family in Europe History - Coursework Example However, kinship ties were also important to people who were poor. They kept up connections with family in the mother country when they traveled abroad for work and even when slaves were separated from each other. Kinship was thus important as a last means of sustenance when things went bad or as a responsibility for those who had done well. Among the lower levels of society, kinship ties seem to have been traced only about as far as they are traced today, from the grandparents down through the parents, aunts and uncles to the children – the siblings and first cousins of the nuclear group. Beyond that, or beyond the village in which they were born, most people tended to forget their kinship ties unless it was to some grand house elsewhere. Much of the importance of kinship at this level was determined by how to disperse the property following death and who should be invited to important social occasions such as weddings and funerals. Blood lines were important because they suggested an unbreakable link backwards into the distant past of the family. Those who shared the same blood could not deny kinship with others of the same line. This carried weight in that noble blood, once noble, would remain noble even if family circumstances brought them low. Blood linkages were recognized in terms of inheritance and in social practices, such as the passing down of the family name. Women often kept track of their bloodline as well, perhaps more so because of the need for her to relinquish her family name and home upon marriage. This was also more true in areas where lineages had been more traced through the female line in the distant past. However, marriage ties were also important because they were able to forge desired connections between family. Sometimes they took the place of blood ties such as when a sonless farmer’s daughter married and the resulting son-in-law gained the status of a true-born son to inherit the family lands.

Global Standardisation Or International Adaptation

Global Standardisation Or International Adaptation In the International Marketing field, the debate of standardisation as against adaptation has been significantly researched in the past and is still a highly debatable issue. This debate commenced in 1961 as indicated by Vignali and Vrontis, (1999). Initially this debate mainly focussed on international standardisation with regards to advertising. However, recently, this debate has been extended from just advertising to promotions mix and now to all the seven Ps of the marketing mix (Kanso, A., et.al, 2004). A brief review of literature also indentifies adaptation and standardisation as the two main tactics by international marketers for business longevity (Vrontis, D., et al, 2009). In the last four decades, according to Ryans (2003), there has been extensive academic research done in the field of international marketing standardisation. However in the past, economic development was concentrated on surplus of exports as compared to imports and hence, firms mainly focused on merely minimising costs to increase their exports. However, in this increasingly competitive and changing international market, firms have realised that cost minimisation is not just enough for gaining a competitive advantage. Nowadays, firms have become more consumers oriented and have developed techniques to satisfy and understand customer preferences and needs. (Vrontis, D., et al, 2009) The objective of this essay is to understand the issue of whether a business should adopt an international marketing mix strategy which is standardized globally or adapted internationally as per individual markets. In the quest to expand their presence worldwide, acquire higher market share, increase profitability and overcome market saturation issues, internationally oriented firms continually seek for new growth opportunities (Vrontis, D., et al, 2009). According to Vrontis (2006) whenever a firm decides to market their products internationally the fundamental decision for marketers is whether to use a global marketing strategy with a standardized marketing mix or whether to adjust and adapt the elements of the marketing mix according to the unique local target market. However, Vrontis (2006) suggests that according to the literature companies make contingency choices, which relate to key determinants in each circumstance (Vrontis, D., et al, 2009, p.3). The primary distinction between global standardisation or global marketing and international adaption in international marketing management is orientation. Standardisation forms the basis of global marketing management which views the world a s a single market where as on the other hand international marketing management is guided by an adapted marketing strategy (Cateora Graham, 1999). The basis of standardization in marketing as argued by Chung, 2007, is the comparison of a firms domestic and international marketing operations. In standardization, firms standardize all their marketing mix components. Chung further suggested that the extent to which the firms should standardize their marketing functions should be assessed. He has also highlighted in his research paper, the interaction method which helps to identify the influencing factors in selecting the standardization strategy (Ryans, J., et al., 2003). Buzzell (1995) have stated that the dissimilarities amongst countries have led international firms to redesign their marketing planning according the country in which it is operating. However, he further said that this situation is changed and he recognized potential gains for firms who adopt standardization of marketing practices. Chung (2007) further argued that culture has a major effect on just the promotional element of the marketing mix. This suggests that firms should use an adapted promotional approach when entering a different cultural environment (Vrontis, D., et al, 2009, p.3) and culture has a very minimal effect on product, price and place. Backhaus and Van, J., (2007) claims that standardisation is a trade off between the possible economic benefits of a standardised approach, as well as the performance gains attained by adapting to the needs of local markets. Marketers who support global standardisation tactics argue that consumers live in a globalized world in which nation-states are not the major determinants of marketing activities; and in which consumer tastes and cultures are homogenised and satisfied through the provision of standardised global products created by global corporations (Vrontis, D., et al, 2009; Dicken, P., 1998). Levitt, 1983 said that multinational firms have moved from customising items to offering globally standardised products which are better, more reliable and lower in price. According to Levitt, multinational firms who concentrate on particular consumer preferences become puzzled and are unable to see the big picture. Levitt strongly recommends that standardisation will bring success in the long term by concentrating on what majority wants (Levitt, T., 1983). The main reasons as suggested by Papavassilou and Stathakopoulos (1997) that add values to Levitts thesis is because it allows international firms to maintain brand identity globally and helps firms to maintain a consistent global image. It also reduces the confusion with regards to perceptions of travelling customers or buyers allowing firms to adopt a single tactical approach and enables them to reduce production costs by taking advantage of economies of scales in production. Levitts, 1983 suggests that standardisation on a tactical level is very important for global markets. He further argues that global firms which operate on standardised functions, at lower cost, can consider the entire world to be a single market and can sell product in the same manner globally. Keegan Green, (2000) supports Levitt by stating that standardised global marketing is similar to mass marketing in one country involving similar marketing mix strategies. This approach of global standardisation of the marketing mix is opposed by the researchers who support international adaptation approach. According to Vrontis et al, 2009, Supporters of adaptation declare that the assumptions underlining global standardisation philosophy are contradicted by the facts. Jain, (1989, p. 71) has stated that, Standardisation is at best difficult and, at worst, impractical (Jain, S., 1989, p. 71). According to Ruigrok and Tulder (1995), Globalisation seems to be as much of an overstatement as it is an ideology. Ruigrok and Tulder (1995) further stated that it is not possible to effectively market by using standardized marketing mix methods everywhere. Helming (1982) and Youovich (1982) challenged the basic assumption of the standardisation approach and argues that similar buying motives of international consumers may, at best, be simplistic and at worst, dangerous(Vrontis, D., et. al, 2009, p.3). Hence, supporters of international adaptation argue that minor or major adaptations in the elements of the marketing mix are vital and necessary in meeting the target market demands. According to them, different international markets are subject to different micro and macro-environmental considerations and hence standardisation of the marketing mix is not feasible. The marketing mix consists of seven components namely product, price, place, people, process, positioning and promotion. Any possibility of a global marketing mix suggests that the same configuration of the seven Ps could be applicable internationally, regardless of cultural and conditional differences. Some businesses do focus on global standardization; however, current data suggests the need for local adaptation. This may be achieved by carefully analyzing the regional market segmentation (Semenik, R., et.al, 1995). Hassan, Craft and Kortam (2003) has distinguished three important market segmentations namely, those group of countries which have a similar product demand, different countries in different region which already have the same product and Universal segment which are present in most countries. The other drivers considered by multinational companies with respect to segmentation and operating in the international markets can be divided into macro factors such as political, e conomic, technological, geographic, etc. and micro factors which include consumer tastes, preferences, lifestyles, attitudes, etc. Lipman (1988) has supported international adaptation strategy because in his view, the global-marketing theory itself is bankrupt and bunk (Vrontis, D., et.al, 2009, p.3). The standardization concept which once rushed executives to reconfigure their marketing strategies are now feeling duped. The differences in the customer characteristics, climatic conditions, culture, consumer behaviour and other factors are in the ascendency and having a single global marketing strategy is a vague concept. On the other hand, the huge costs involved in adaptation and the benefits of standardisation, may not allow adaptation to be used extensively (Vrontis, D., 2005). Adaptation and Standardisation are two extreme schools of thought. The view of adopting any one of these two strategies is rejected by researchers, authors and marketers who have found it difficult to apply these strategies in practice. For them, global standardisation and international adaptation is not a proposition, but a matter of degree. Diversity amongst countries does not permit global standardisation. They have stressed on the necessity of simultaneously using both international adaptation and global standardisation wherever necessary. (Sorenson, R., et.al, 1975; Prahalad, C., et.al, 1986; Boddewyn, J., et al., 1986; Douglas, S., et.al, 1987; Kim, W., et.al, 1987; Choi, K., et.al, 1996; Terpstra, V., et.al, 1997; Vanaij, W., 1997; Hennessey, J., 2001; Vrontis, D., 2003; Vrontis, D., et.al, 2005). The best example of an effective international marketing firm which adopts an integrated approach of standardisation and adaptation is McDonalds. The firm has expanded internationally by branding globally and adapting to the local tastes. (Vignali, C., 2001). Successful multinational firms should incorporate elements of both approaches. Hence, incorporating both concepts means that global firms must try to standardise as many elements of the marketing mix as possible and also follow necessary adaptation in order to satisfy market needs. To conclude, the goals of market complexity and cost reduction may influence firms to consider standardisation where as customer orientation may lead them towards adaptation but by incorporating both will help firms gain a competitive advantage and above average returns. References: Backhaus, K. and Van, J., (2007), Consumer perceptions of advertising standardisation: a cross-country study of different advertising categories, International Management Review, Vol. 3 No. 4, p. 37. Boddewyn, J., Soehl, R., and Picard, J., (1986), Standardisation in international marketing: is Ted Levitt in fact right?, Business Horizons, Vol. 29, pp. 69-75. Buzzell, R., Quelch, J., and Bartlett, C., (1995), Global Marketing Management, Cases and Readings, 3rd ed., Addison-Wesley, New York, NY. Choi, K., and Jarboe, T., (1996), Mass customization in power plant design and construction, Power Engineering, Vol. 100, No. 1, pp. 33-6. Chung, H., (2007), International marketing standardisation strategies analysis:a cross-national investigation, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing, Vol. 19 No. 2, pp. 145-67. Dicken, P., (1998), Global Shift, Transforming the World Economy, 3rd ed., Paul Chapman, London. Douglas, S., and Wind, Y., (1987), The myth of globalization, Columbia Journal of World Business, Vol. 22, pp. 19-29. Hassan, S.S., Craft, S. and Kortam, W. (2003), Understanding the new bases for global market segmentation, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 20, No. 5, pp. 446-62. Helming, A. (1982), Pitfalls lie waiting for unwary marketers, Advertising Age, n.d., p. M-8. Hennessey, J., (2001), Global Marketing Strategies, 5th ed., Houghton Mifflin, Boston, MA. Jain, S.C. (1989), Standardisation of international marketing strategy: some research hypotheses, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 53, pp. 70-9. Kanso, A., and Kitchen, P., (2004), Marketing consumer services internationally: localisation and standardisation revisited, Marketing Intelligence and Planning, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 87-94. Keegan, W., and Green, M., (2000), Global Marketing, 2nd ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Kim, W., and Mauborgne, R., (1987), Cross-cultural strategies, The Journal of Business Strategy, Vol. 7, pp. 31-40. Levitt, T., (1983), The globalization of markets, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 61, pp. 92-102. Lipman, J., (1988), Marketers turn sour on global sales pitch Harvard guru makes, Wall Street Journal, 12 May, p. 17. Papavassiliou, N., and Stathakopoulos, V., (1997), Standardisation versus adaptation of international advertising strategies: towards a framework, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 31 No. 7, pp. 504-27. Prahalad, C., and Doz, Y., (1986), The Multinational Mission: Balancing Local Demands and Global Vision, the Free Press, New York, NY. Ruigrok, W., and van Tulder, R., (1995), The Logic of International Restructuring, Routledge, London. Ryans, J., Griffth, D., and White, D., (2003), Standardization/adaptation of international strategy: necessary conditions for the advancement of knowledge, International Marketing Review, Vol. 20 No. 6, pp. 588-603. Semenik, R., and Bamossy, G., (1995), Principles of Marketing, a Global Perspective South Western, Cincinnati, USA. Sorenson, R., and Wiechmann, U., (1975), How multinationals view marketing standardisation, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 53, pp. 38-48. Terpstra, V., and Sarathy, R., (1997), International Marketing, 7th ed., Dryden Press, Fort Worth, TX. Vanraij, W., (1997), Globalisation of marketing communication?, Journal of Economic Psychology, Vol. 18, No, 2/3, pp. 259-70. Vignali, C., 2001, McDonalds: think global, act local the marketing mix, British Food Journal, Vol. 103, No. 2, p. 97. Vignali, C., and Vrontis, D., (1999), An International Marketing Reader, The Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester. Vrontis, D., (2003), Integrating adaptation and standardisation in international marketing, the AdaptStand modelling process, Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 19, No. 3/4, pp. 283-305. Vrontis, D., (2005), The creation of the AdaptStand process in international marketing, Journal of Innovative Marketing, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 7-21. Vrontis, D., and Papasolomou, I., (2005), The use of entry methods in identifying multinational companies AdaptStand behaviour in foreign markets, Review of Business, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 13-20. Vrontis, D., Thrassou, A., and Lamprianou, I., (2009), International marketing adaptation versus standardization of multinational companies, Journal of International Marketing Review, Vol. 20, No. 4/5, pp. 477-500. Vrontis, D., Thrassou, A., and Vignali, C., (2006), The country-of-origin effect, on the purchase intention of apparel opportunities and threats for small firms, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Vol. 3, Nos 3/4, pp. 459-76. Youovich, B., (1982), Maintain a balance of planning, Advertising Age, n.d., p. M-7.

Geography Teaching Methods: Why Should Geography

The   term   geography   refers   to   the   study   of   the   location   and   distribution   of   living   things   and   the   earth features   among   which   they   (The   World   Book,   2001).It   describes   its   physical   features,   resources, climate,   soils,   plants,   animals,   and    peoples   and   their   distribution. Geography,   in   general,   has   several objectives. The   main   objective   of   the   geography   subject   is   to   develop   awareness   of   the   relation between   nature   and   the   man ­made   environment. It   provides   the   basis   for   understanding   population development   and   the   distribution   of   resources,   explaining   similarities   and   differences   and   discussing change   processes.It   shall   also   contribute   to   understanding   and   mastering   the   great   amount   of information   in   our   time. Therefore,   this   paper   discuses   the   view   that   geography   as   a  subject  should  be made  a  core  subject. To   begin   with,   geography   provides   the   basis   for   understanding   population   development   and   the distribution   of   resources,   explaining   similarities   and   differences   and   discussing   change   processes. The subject   also   gives   insight   into   how   natural   resources,   weather   and   climate   have   provided   the   basis   for the   settlement   and   development   of   communities.Furthermore,  Geography  also  creates  understanding  of why   resources   are    important   for   global   production,   division   of   labour and   settlement. Population development   and   global   econ omic   processes   influence   economic   development   and   the   global distribution   of   goods. The   Geography   subject   provides   an   overview   and   explains   the   localisation   of cities   and   the   scope   of   natural   and  man ­made  conditions  on  earth  (Tunney,  1976). Therefore,  it  is  wise enough   that   the   government   should   design    a   curriculum   that   considers   geography   as   a  core  subject  just like  English  as  it  is  in  Malawi.The   other   thing   is   that,   looking   at   its   objectives? Geography   subject   is   contributing  to  the  understanding and   mastering   the   great   amount  of  information  in  these  days. More  knowledge  motivates  and  stimulates the   ability   to  analyse  critically  and  understand  comprehensively. T his  can  give   the  pupils  a  good  basis  for participating   in   the   development   of   society   in   a   constructive   way. An   important   objective   of   the geography   subject   is   also   to   develop   the   pupils'   ability   to   be   tolerant   and   understand   their   global co ­responsibilities.This   only   shows   that   Geography   has  a  wider  range  in  the  sense  that  it  draws  largely from   the   natural   sciences   and   social   sciences,   such   as,   geology,   meteorology,   botany,   zoology, economics,  and  history. In   addition,   in   order   to   improve   geographic   understanding   to   the   general   public:   Increased   research attention   is   given   to   certain   core   methodological   and   conceptual   issues   in   geography   that   are  especially relevant   to   society's   concerns. More   emphasis   should   be   placed   on   priority ­driven,   cross ­cutting projects.Increased  emphasis   should  be  given  to  research  that  improves  the  understanding  of  geographic literacy,   learning,   and   problem   solving   and  the  roles  of  geographic  information  in  education  and  decision making,   including   interactive   learning   strategies   and   spatial   decision   support   systems. This   helps   the government   to   manage   and   run   its affairs   with   the   intention   of   developing   them. Therefore,   through geographical   knowledge,  one  is  able  to  operate  in  several  departments  of  the  government  hence  meeting the  full  utilization  of  limited  resources  a  country  could  have.What   is   more,   the   government   and/or   the   non ­governmental   organization   should   take   part   in   the improvement   of   geographic   literacy. Geography  education  standards  and   other  guidelines  for  improved geography   education   in   the   schools   should   be   examined   to   identify   subjects   where   geography's  current knowledge   base   needs   strengthening. A   significant   national   program   should   be   established   to   improve the   geographic   competence   of   the   republic   of   Malawi’s   general   population   as   well   as   of   leaders   in business,   government,   and   non ­governmental  interest  groups  at  all  levels.In  addition,  linkages  should  be strengthened   between   academic   geography   and   users   of   its   research. Also   concerned   and   non concerned   parties   need   to   strengthen   geographic   institutions. Since   geography   has   a   wider   range   in  its operation,   a   high   priority   should   be   placed   on   increasing  professional  interactions  between  geographers and   colleagues   in   other   sciences. A   specific   effort   too,   should   be   made   to   identify   and   address disparities   between   the   growing   demands   on   geography   as   a   subject   and   the   current   capabilities   of eography   to   respond   as   a   scientific   discipline. A  specific  effort  should  be  made  in  order  to  identify  and examine   needs   and   opportunities   for   professional   geography   to   focus   its   research   and   teaching   on certain   specific   problems   or   niches,   given   limitations   on   the   human   and   financial   resources   of   the discipline. University   and   college   administrators   should   alter   reward   structures   for   academic geographers   to   encourage,   recognize,   and   reinforce   certain   categories   of   professional   activity   that   are sometimes   underrated.To   encourage   implementation   of   these   recommendations:   Geographic   and related   organisations   should    work   together   to   develop   and   execute   a   plan    to   implement   the recommendations  in  this  department. Lastly,   it   should   be   mentioned,   however,   that   geography   being   a   multi ­dimensional   subject   that   is,   it encompasses   several   subjects  or  disciplines. The  case  of  History,  History  and  History  Teaching   play  an importan t   role   in   developing   national   identity.Against   the   background   of   ethnic,   cultural   and   national conflicts   in   South   Eastern   Europe   history    teaching   was   often   used   as   a   tool   for   promoting   nationalistic ideologies. History   textbooks   have,   in   many   cases,   been   dominated   by  biased  historical  interpretations. Sensitive   historical   issues   and   groups,   such   as   the   history   of   social   and   ethnic   minorities,   the   history   of neighbouring   countries   have   often   been   excluded   from   the   textbooks.Therefore,   history   education   in South   Eastern   Europe   has   been   identified   as   a   key   issue   for   the   reconciliation   and   democratisation process   and   thus   for   long ­term    stability  in   the  region  by  many  key  actors  at  expert  and  political  level(De Blij,  1993). In   conclusion,   it   is   a   matter   of    concern   that   the   majority   of   students   in   the   school   complete   their geographical   education   at   a  young  age. They  are  normally  given  the  chance  to  choose  the  subjects  to  be studied   in   order   to   acquire   their   certificate   at   the   end   of   their   first   year   of   post ­primary   education.It   is usually   5 ­8  subjects  inclusive  of  English. It  is  reported  by  school  management  that  appropriate  guidance and   consultation   with   parents   informs   this   choice   process,   it   is   of   concern   that   subject   choices  made  at such   an   early   stage  in  post ­primary  education   could  have  a  significant  impact   on   subject  choice  at  senior cycle   and   on   career   paths   or   access   to   third ­level  education. It  is,  therefore,  recommended  that  school management   consider   restructuring   the   curriculum   at   junior   cycle   to   widen   the  range  of  core  subjects  to include   Geography.In    the   case   of   Malawi,   English   is   a   compulsory   subject   of   all   students   to   Junior Certificate  level. REFERENCES De  Blij,  H. J. (1993). Human  Geography:  Culture,  Society,  and  Space. (4th  Ed. ). Singapore:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  John  Willey  . The  World  book  Encyclopedia(2001) â€Å"The_History_of_Geography_&_its_importance. †Ã‚  123HelpMe. com. 11  Apr  2012  . Sheila   L. C. (2004). Glo balization   and   Belonging:   The   Politics   of   Identity   in   a   Changing World. Boston:  Rowman  .

“Hobson’s choice” by Harold Brighouse Essay

The play, â€Å"Hobson’s choice,† written by Harold Brighouse, was set during the time period when women’s rights were forbidden – not being allowed to vote for example. In doing so, Harold Brighouse combines both comedy and confliction, between all of the characters. When the curtain comes up, you see Hobson’s daughters on the stage in the shop. Maggie, who is hard working that she will succeed by perusing her wishes rather than her fathers. The audience would perhaps find this situation strange as women during the 19th century were not thought of as business women. As a result of this, tension rises as Maggie is defying the stereotype regarding women. She defies the fact that most women don’t make something of themselves. By looking at the account books, it portrays her personality as forceful, forthright and a business type woman. As Maggie examines the account book, it displays that she is intellectual as she understand maths and she straight seems to be more noticeable from her other sisters as soon as she enters the scene. She automatically seems to look superior to them. During the Victorian days, women had to abide by specific regulations. One of these regulations being that you had to obey your father as he was generally the master. There is a huge amount of debate in the play, â€Å"Hobson’s choice,† due to this certain rule. An example of differences developing due to that rule is when they are discussing what time to have dinner: â€Å"Dinner will be when I come in for it. I’m master here.† By Hobson actually announcing that he is master, he in my opinion is not only reminding his daughters that he is superior and his daughters are second best to him, but I feel that he is also reminding himself. This could be as he may be losing control over his daughters. In a sense, a debate occurs when Hobson and his three daughters are discussing marriage proposals as well. â€Å"You thought me past the marrying age. I’m not that’s all.† Here, Maggie is refusing to be put into the so called, â€Å"Shelved,† cluster that her father has positioned her in. There are a number of issues this play looks at towards subjects that even happen in today’s world – for example, alcohol issues, marriage, health and family structure. When Will Mossop is introduced to the play, Maggie is telling him how she wishes to be wed to him, however Will is already tokened – to be wed – to another, Ada Figgins, and is very reluctant to Maggie’s decision. Ada then comes into the shop, like every other day, to give Will his lunch she had made for him, but before she can even see Will, Maggie jumps in front of her and tells Ada she will be getting wed to Will instead. Ada and Maggie have a dispute towards Maggie’s words. Will tries to tell Maggie he is tokened and it will be with Ada like it was supposed to be, until Maggie is telling Ada to leave her shop and as Will will not stand up for Ada, instead tells her that the shop is Maggie’s fathers business and he is the employer, we all find out that the only reason Will is with Ada is because her mother is very controlling and Will actually fears her. Ada leaves the shop followed by Hobson walking back in. Maggie then tells her father about th e decision that had been made and he is very reluctant to listen to the ‘nonsense’ and lashes out on Will and hits him with his belt. Will is then very and tells Maggie he will wed her and her father will not be able to get in the way, followed by Will giving Maggie a kiss in front of her father! Will and Maggie have now left the shop together and are now starting their own business by opening up their own boot store. They both ask Mrs Hepworth if they can borrow a hundred pound to start up the business as she is the only one who can give the future a future. However, as this is all happening Hobson’s shop is losing a lot of their business and is going downhill, driving Hobson to turn to alcohol and always being in the Moonrakers. Will and Maggie wed followed by them seeking husbands for Maggie’s younger sisters, Alice and Vikki causing the Hobson family to be no more as Henry Hobson is so angry with his daughters and also humiliated. After Maggie and Will have wed they go back to the newlyweds house with the sisters and their new partners to have some tea and a slice of cake to celebrate the marriage. However the evening before the wedding took place Maggie had made a plan to keep Hobson out the way so he didn’t ruin it by waiting till he was at the Moonrakers and opening up a cellar door knowing he would fall into it and fall asleep as he was so drunk and unable to look after himself. When Hobson woke up the next day he found a letter on him saying he had been fined for trespassing on someone else’s land, which he showed to Maggie and everyone else when he went to her home that evening. Nearly a year later all three sisters have moved on and are now married, and also Vikki is expecting a baby on the way. Hobson has had the visit from the doctor who has figured out he is an alcoholic and a depressed man, and his only cure was his family, he prescribed him no medication but in fact for Maggie to move back in to look after him. After a lot of bickering between the sisters and Hobson to see who will look after him and move back in, Maggie agrees to ask Will for permission for them to move back in. Will agrees with no hesitation but is a bit nervous about shutting down his business. However, Hobson tries to tell him he will give Will back his old job and Maggie can have her old job back, Will however was not convinced nor was he happy about the offer. Instead they would share the business together and change the name to something that would suit both men. I feel as if Hobson’s Choice went over a lot of issues, some of which I have some personal knowledge in so I therefore found the play very interesting to read and see how others deal with the same situation. Even though I loved to read this play and I would recommend it to others, it was very hard to write about as so much was in it. It opens readers eyes to see what it was like to be brought up in the 19th century and see how life was supposed to be like. A very well written book, and also a very easy read but yet exciting play.

Fire Science Fair Project Ideas

Are you looking for a science fair project that involves fire or combustion? Here are some ideas for fire projects to get you brainstorming. Visual Experiments What chemicals burn in different colors?What substances can mask the colors of flames?How does diminishing oxygen affect the appearance of a flame? Material Experiments Which type of oil produces the least soot when it burns? You can collect soot (carbon black) by burning in a container and wiping it down between tests or by examining a filter paper (or coffee filter) placed in with the test oil.Does it matter what type of wax is used to make a candle?Can you construct candles using liquid oils or other fuels besides wax? Environmental Experiments Analyze whether burning trash is a good alternative to landfills.Examine the effects of flame retardant chemicals on growing plants or on animals, such as insects or aquarium fish.Which common materials (for example: paper, foam, cloth, vinyl) produce the worst smoke/air pollution when burned?Examine how controlled burning is used for forests and parks.Examine the effects of ash on soil composition.